Ibrani 1:1

Introduction: God Has Spoken Fully and Finally in His Son

1:1 After God spoke long ago ¹  in various portions ²  and in various ways ³  to our ancestors ⁴  through the prophets,

Ibrani 1:9

1:9 You have loved righteousness and hated lawlessness.

So God, your God, has anointed you over your companions ⁵  with the oil of rejoicing.” ⁶ 

Ibrani 1:12

1:12 and like a robe you will fold them up

and like a garment ⁷  they will be changed,

but you are the same and your years will never run out.” ⁸ 

Ibrani 2:6

2:6 Instead someone testified somewhere:

“What is man that you think of him ⁹  or the son of man that you care for him?

Ibrani 3:1

Jesus and Moses

3:1 Therefore, holy brothers and sisters, ¹⁰  partners in a heavenly calling, take note of Jesus, the apostle and high priest whom we confess, ¹¹ 

Ibrani 3:14

3:14 For we have become partners with Christ, if in fact we hold our initial confidence ¹²  firm until the end.

Ibrani 4:6

4:6 Therefore it remains for some to enter it, yet those to whom it was previously proclaimed did not enter because of disobedience.

Ibrani 6:19

6:19 We have this hope as an anchor for the soul, sure and steadfast, which reaches inside behind the curtain, ¹³ 

Ibrani 7:14

7:14 For it is clear that our Lord is descended from Judah, yet Moses said nothing about priests in connection with that tribe.

Ibrani 9:2

9:2 For a tent was prepared, the outer one, ¹⁴  which contained ¹⁵  the lampstand, the table, and the presentation of the loaves; this ¹⁶  is called the holy place.

Ibrani 10:11

10:11 And every priest stands day after day ¹⁷  serving and offering the same sacrifices again and again – sacrifices that can never take away sins.

Ibrani 10:30

10:30 For we know the one who said, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,” ¹⁸  and again, “The Lord will judge his people.” ¹⁹ 

Ibrani 11:34

11:34 quenched raging fire, ²⁰  escaped the edge of the sword, gained strength in weakness, ²¹  became mighty in battle, put foreign armies to flight,

Ibrani 11:38

11:38 (the world was not worthy of them); they wandered in deserts and mountains and caves and openings in the earth.

Ibrani 12:9

12:9 Besides, we have experienced discipline from ²²  our earthly fathers ²³  and we respected them; shall we not submit ourselves all the more to the Father of spirits and receive life? ²⁴ 

Ibrani 12:16

12:16 And see to it that no one becomes ²⁵  an immoral or godless person like Esau, who sold his own birthright for a single meal. ²⁶ 

Ibrani 12:19

12:19 and the blast of a trumpet and a voice uttering words ²⁷  such that those who heard begged to hear no more. ²⁸ 

Ibrani 12:22

12:22 But you have come to Mount Zion, the city ²⁹  of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, to the assembly

Ibrani 13:10

13:10 We have an altar that those who serve in the tabernacle have no right to eat from.

Ibrani 13:15

13:15 Through him then let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of our lips, acknowledging his name.

[1:1]  ¹ tn Or “spoke formerly.”

[1:1]  ² tn Or “parts.” The idea is that God’s previous revelation came in many parts and was therefore fragmentary or partial (L&N 63.19), in comparison with the final and complete revelation contained in God’s Son. However, some interpret πολυμερῶς (polumerw") in Heb 1:1 to mean “on many different occasions” and would thus translate “many times” (L&N 67.11). This is the option followed by the NIV: “at many times and in various ways.” Finally, this word is also understood to refer to the different manners in which something may be done, and would then be translated “in many different ways” (L&N 89.81). In this last case, the two words πολυμερῶς and πολυτρόπως (polutropw") mutually reinforce one another (“in many and various ways,” NRSV).

[1:1]  ³ tn These two phrases are emphasized in Greek by being placed at the beginning of the sentence and by alliteration.

[1:1]  ⁴ tn Grk “to the fathers.”

[1:9]  ⁵ sn God…has anointed you over your companions. God’s anointing gives the son a superior position and authority over his fellows.

[1:9]  ⁶ sn A quotation from Ps 45:6-7.

[1:12]  ⁷ tc The words “like a garment” (ὡς ἱμάτιον, Jw" Jimation) are found in excellent and early mss (Ì⁴⁶ א A B D* 1739) though absent in a majority of witnesses (D¹ Ψ 0243 0278 33 1881 Ï lat sy bo). Although it is possible that longer reading was produced by overzealous scribes who wanted to underscore the frailty of creation, it is much more likely that the shorter reading was produced by scribes who wanted to conform the wording to that of Ps 102:26 (101:27 LXX), which here lacks the second “like a garment.” Both external and internal considerations decidedly favor the longer reading, and point to the author of Hebrews as the one underscoring the difference between the Son and creation.

[1:12]  sn The phrase like a garment here is not part of the original OT text (see tc note above); for this reason it has been printed in normal type.

[1:12]  ⁸ sn A quotation from Ps 102:25-27.

[2:6]  ⁹ tn Grk “remember him.”

[3:1]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.

[3:1]  ¹¹ tn Grk “of our confession.”

[3:14]  ¹² tn Grk “the beginning of the confidence.”

[6:19]  ¹³ sn The curtain refers to the veil or drape in the temple that separated the holy place from the holy of holies.

[9:2]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “the first,” in order of approach in the ritual.

[9:2]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “in which [were].”

[9:2]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “which,” describing the outer tent.

[10:11]  ¹⁷ tn Or “daily,” “every day.”

[10:30]  ¹⁸ sn A quotation from Deut 32:35.

[10:30]  ¹⁹ sn A quotation from Deut 32:36.

[11:34]  ²⁰ tn Grk “quenched the power of fire.”

[11:34]  ²¹ tn Or “recovered from sickness.”

[12:9]  ²² tn Grk “we had our earthly fathers as discipliners.”

[12:9]  ²³ tn Grk “the fathers of our flesh.” In Hebrews, “flesh” is a characteristic way of speaking about outward, physical, earthly life (cf. Heb 5:7; 9:10, 13), as opposed to the inward or spiritual dimensions of life.

[12:9]  ²⁴ tn Grk “and live.”

[12:9]  sn Submit ourselves…to the Father of spirits and receive life. This idea is drawn from Proverbs, where the Lord’s discipline brings life, while resistance to it leads to death (cf. Prov 4:13; 6:23; 10:17; 16:17).

[12:16]  ²⁵ tn Grk “that there not be any,” continuing from v. 15.

[12:16]  ²⁶ sn An allusion to Gen 27:34-41.

[12:19]  ²⁷ tn Grk “a voice of words.”

[12:19]  ²⁸ tn Grk “a voice…from which those who heard begged that a word not be added to them.”

[12:22]  ²⁹ tn Grk “and the city”; the conjunction is omitted in translation since it seems to be functioning epexegetically – that is, explaining further what is meant by “Mount Zion.”